The Racetrack Playa

Perhaps the most mysterious of any of the features of Death Valley are the "moving rocks" of the Racetrack Playa. The playa is a three-mile-long dry lake bed which sits at an elevation of 3,708 feet. The lake bed itself is extremely flat and smooth and contains no vegetation. Surrounding the playa are rugged mountains which not only drop rocks onto the valley below, but also help channel strong winds through the valley.

Rocks on the valley floor, some as large as 700 lbs, have carved deep tracks into the surface of the lakebed, indicating that they've been moved. Since no one has actually seen these rocks move, it's a bit of a mystery. Glazner's coauthor, Robert Sharp, professor of geology at the California Institute of Technology, has worked extensively on this question.

There are two main theories about how these rocks move across the playa. A theory that Sharp helped develop is that wind, along with a wet and very slippery surface, was enough to move these rocks. Sharp recorded the locations of the rocks and their movement over the course of a year. Sharp also recorded the weather conditions after each move. His study found that all of the rocks move in the direction of the prevailing winds. He also found that some stones move hundreds of feet in one move
.

More recently, a second theory was developed by geologist John Reid. He proposes that groups of rocks become caught in a sheet of ice and the boulders all move in parallel. The larger surface area of the ice sheet and the rocks could then move more easily in strong winds. There is some evidence to suggest that this may be the case; there are places where a series of boulders have changed direction in parallel.  

Allen Glazner discusses the theories on how the rocks of the Racetrack playa move.

  RealMedia Sound Clip

Sharp tried an experiment to see whether these boulders move together in a sheet of ice. Glazner explained, "Robert Sharp and his colleague Dwight Carey showed several years ago, that's not the only way the boulders can move. They did some really interesting experiments where they went out and put up a corral of iron stakes by simply pounding some rebar into the playa surface around some boulders. Again, they didn't see this happen, because it happens during bad storms, but they went out to the site periodically and, sure enough, the boulders had moved out of that corral. So, there's no way a boulder trapped in a big sheet of ice could have moved around a couple of stakes pounded into the playa." So apparently, the wind alone has the power to the move rocks. Glazner concluded by suggesting that both theories may be correct.

"Geology in a Land of Extremes"

Continue

Bottom Bar

©1998 Exploratorium