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SETTLING COLUMN
demonstrates that sand falling through water forms complex patterns.
The visitor turns over a tube containing sand and blue liquid, causing
the sand to fall. The angle of the tube affects the patterns of
flow. As the sand falls, it displaces water at the bottom of the
tube, causing the fluid to flow upwards. When this upwelling encounters
more falling sand, much turbulence is created. The more vertically
the tube is oriented, the greater the turbulence and the longer
the sand takes to settle.
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